Ratchet-wrench.



No. 854,174. PATENTED MAY 21, .1907.

, J. N. NOYBR.

RATGHET WRENCH.

APPLICATION rmm KAY 17, 1900'.

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TNI'NORRIS rl'rtls cm, WRSNINGTO n, c

No. 854,174. PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

J. N. NOYER. l

RATGHET WRENCH. urmowxo'n FILED MAY 11, 1906.

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- I Y I I THE Menus PETERS cm, wnsmnnrau, n. c.

JOSEPH N. NOYER, OF GOULD CITY, WASHINGTON.

RATCHET-WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented May 21, 1907.

Application filed May 17, 1906. Serial No. 317.366- I T0 at whom it mayconcern:

. Be it known that I, JosEPH N. NOYER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Gould City, in the county of Garfield and State ofWashington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in.Ratchet Wrenches; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. I

This invention relates to improvements in ratchet wrenches.

The obj ect of the invention is to provide a Wrench of this characterhaving means whereby the jaws may be quickly adjusted to fitvarioussizes of nuts and means whereby the pawl may be quickly reversed, thusproviding for the operation of the wrench in eitherdirection.

A further object is to provide a wrench of this character which will besimple, strong and durable in construction, efficient in operation andwell adapted to the purpose for which it is designed.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists ofcertain novel featuresof construction, combination and arrangement ofparts, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings :-Figure 1 is a perspective view of awrench constructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2 is a similarview, showing the parts of the Wrench separated; Fig. 3 is alongitudinal sectional view through the wrench; Fig. 4 is a detail,perspective view of the operating pawl; Fig.

5 is a similar view of one of the jaws; and.

Fig. 6 is a similar view of one of the worm gears for operating saidaws.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 denotes the-wrench, whichconsists of a stock 2 having a hollow or open handle 3. In the stock 2of the wrench is formed a cylindrical bearing socket 4, in which isrevolubly mounted a cylindrical head 5, on the upper end of which isformed a ratchet wheel 6 having a centrally disposed upwardly-projectingboss or stub shaft 7, which when the head is in place in the socket 4 isadapted to project through a bearing opening 8 in the stock, as shown.Arranged on the outer side of the wrench above the opening 8 is a cap orre- 'taining plate 9, in which is formed a centrally-disposed aperture,through which is inserted a retaining screw 10 adapted to be screwedinto a threaded aperture 12 formed in the boss or shaft 7 and the head5. The cap or retaining plate 9 is provided on its under side with. alaterally projectingpin 1-3, which is adapted to enter a hole 14 in theboss 7, thereby preventing the unscrewing of the head 5 from the screw,10 when the Wrench is in use. The cap or retaining plate 9 is of greaterdiameter than the opening 8, so that the head will be revolubly heldthereby in the socket 4.

The lower portion of the head 5 is provided with a transversely-disposedpassage 15, in the side walls of which are formedlongitudinally-disposed guide grooves or channels 16. Slidably mountedin the passage 15 are the jaws 17 which are provided with integral,right-angrilarly-projecting shanks 18. The shanks 18 are offset orarranged adjacent to one end of the jaws and are provided on their outerfaces with laterally-projecting, longitudinally-disposed guide ribs ortongues 19 which are adapted to be engaged with the grooves or channels16 in the walls of the passage 15 in the head of the wrench, therebysupporting said jaws in sliding engagement withsaid head.

The ribs or tongues 19 have formed therein a series of worm teeth 20,which are adapted to be engaged by independently operable worms 21 thatare arranged in recesses 22 formed in the opposite sides of the head 5and are revolubly mounted upon bearing rods or shafts 22 arranged insaid head, as shown. The threads of the worms are preferably serrated ormilled to enable the same to be turned by the thumb or finger of theoperator. The sides of the head 5 adjacent to the recesses 22 are cutaway or beveled, as shown at 24, to further facilitate the enagement ofthe worms 21 by the thumb or inger of the operator. When either of theworms 21 is turned in one direction or the other, the sliding jaw willbe reciprocated in either direction to the exclusion of the other way 27which communicates with the open or hollow handle 3. Slidably mounted inthe recess 25 and the guideways 26 and 27 is a spring-projected bar orbolt 28, the outer end of which is provided with a rectangular, beveledtooth-engaging pawl or ratchet 29, while adjacent to the inner end isformed a rectangular enlargement constituting a guideblock 30, the pawl29 and guide block being adapted respectively to engage the guideways 26and 27. On the bar 28 between the pawl 29 and the guide-block isarranged a coil spring 31, said spring being adaptedto lie in the recess25 in the body of the wrench. One end of the spring 31 is adapted toengage the inner end of the pawl 29, while the other end of the springengages the adjacent end of the recess 25, thereby projecting or forcingthe bar outwardly and the pawl into engagement with the ratchet teeth ofthe head 5. The end of the bar beyond the guide-block 30 projects intothe hollow or open handle 3, and has secured thereto a head 32, that isheld in place on said end by means of a cotter pin 33 or other suitablefastening device. The head 32 serves to limit the outward movement ofthe bar and also provides a grip by means of which the bar may be drawninwardly against the tension of the spring to disengage the pawl 29 andthe guide-block from the guideways 26 and 27, when the bar may be turnedto reverse the position of the pawl, after which the head is releasedand the spring permitted to force the pawl back to an operativeposition, thereby providing for the operation of the wrench in eitherdirection, as will be understood. It will be noted by reference to Fig.1 that the head 32 is entirely housed in the hollow of the handle, sothat it is positively shielded from possibility of injury as by beingstruck, or 'from the wrench being dropped, and this is a feature ofimportance and one that imparts added utility to the implement.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, the construction and operation of the inventionwill be readily understood without requiring a more extendedexplanation.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters-Patent, is

1. In a wrench of the character described, the combination with a stockhaving a bearing socket and a handle, of a cylindrical head arranged insaid socket, means to hold said head therein, jaws adjustably mounted ina transversely-disposed passage in said head, worm teeth formed on saidjaws, independently-operable worms adapted to engage said worm teeth, aratchet wheel arranged on said head, and a spring projected reversiblepawl adapted to be engaged with said teeth to turn said head in onedirection or the other, substantially as described.

2. In a wrench of the character described, the combination with a stockhaving a bearing socket and a handle, of a cylindrical head revolublymounted in said socket, means to retain said head in place, nut-engagingaws slidably mounted in said head, right angularly-projecting ofl'setshanks formed on said jaws 'to slidably engage a guide passage in saidhead, toothed ribs formed on said shanks to engage longitudinal guidegrooves formed in the walls of said passage, independentlyoperable wormsadapted to engage the toothed ribs of said shanks to adjust the jaws anda spring-projected reversible pawl mounted in the body of said wrench toengage teeth on said head, whereby the same is operated in one directionor the other, substantially as described.

3. In a wrench of the character described, the combination with a stockhaving a bearing socket, and a recessed open handle, of a cylindricalhead revolubly mounted in'said socket, means to retain said head inplace, nut-engaging jaws slidably mounted in said head, right angularlyprojecting offset shanks formed on said jaws to slidably engage a guidepassage in said head, toothed ribs formed on said shanks to engagelongitudinal guide grooves formed in the walls of said passage,independently operable worms adapted to engage the toothed ribs of saidshanks whereby said jaws may be adjusted, a bar slidably mounted in arecess in the body portion of said wrench and carrying a pawl, a coilspring arranged on said bar to normally project the pawl into engagementwith ratchet teeth on said head, and a head secured to the end of saidbar and housed within the handle, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing wit- IIGSSGS.

JOSEPH N. NOYER. Witnesses: ATTwooD A. KIRBY, GERTRUDE FITzsrMMoNs.

